Understanding the scope
This journey starts with understanding the scope – and limits – of the pathologist’s role in investigating a suspicious or mysterious death. Forensic pathologists work closely with law enforcement agencies, medical examiners, and coroners to gather and examine evidence related to criminal investigations, using specialized training in toxicology, ballistics, analysis of “trace” evidence (usually not visible to the eye), or the analysis of biological evidence such as blood, saliva, or sweat.
During an autopsy forensic pathologists collect, examine, and preserve evidence to determine any factors that have contributed to a person’s death. They may also help identify the deceased through techniques such as examination of dental records, fingerprints, and DNA. Their analysis can help insurers and officials untangle the truth behind complex death cases.
Such forensic science is impressive but imperfect. Unlike popular Hollywood depictions in whodunnit movies and police dramas like “CSI: Crime Scene Investigation,” these medical detectives cannot always catch the criminal or even arrive at clear conclusions as to whether a crime occurred. Forensic pathologists must rely on physical evidence that may not always be available or may be inconclusive. Additionally, they must navigate complex technical, legal, and ethical considerations during their investigations that can sometimes prevent prompt or definitive outcomes.
Indeed, investigations into suspicious deaths can become protracted and this can, at times, frustrate insurers seeking timely assessment as to whether a claim is payable to a certain beneficiary. It is important to note that insurers also can rely on other evidence to assess complex death claims, including medical records, witness statements, police reports, and any other documentation relating to the circumstances of the death.